(Post 6/Year 1 Week 1)Learning python part 6:GUI(Graphic User Interface)

In this post,we are going to learn about GUI. GUI is an abbreviation for graphical user interface. In a GUI, instead of just typing text and getting text back, the user sees graphical things like windows, buttons, text boxes, and so on, and she can use the mouse to click things as well as type on the keyboard. One example of a GUI is a web browser ,there are button for you to press and text box to type in. We are going to use a module known as easygui,in a future we are going to use a module known as thinkter. EasyGui is a Python module that makes it very easy to make simple GUIs.If do have not install the python module Easygui,install it using pip install python and run it

##installing the module easygui
!pip install easygui

##or
pip install easygui

First,we are going to create a simple GUI box with "hello world" in it

Code

##import to import modules
##if error run pip install easygui import easygui ##function to create a box that has a hello world text in it easygui.msgbox("Hello World!")

Output

Click ok to close the box The above example does not show much but the next example will show more about the power of GUI We’re going to use the example of choosing your favorite flavor of ice cream to look at some different ways to get input (the ice cream flavor) from the user with EasyGui. Dialog box with multiple button Let’s make a dialog box (like a message box) with more than one button. The way to do this is with a button box (buttonbox) Code

##importing the module easygui import easygui ##a button box hold the text and the choices flavor = easygui.buttonbox("What is your favorite ice cream flavor?", choices = ['Vanilla', 'Chocolate', 'Strawberry'] ) ##the flavor is save when you click one of the the three ice cream flavor "Vanilla","Chocolate ","Strawberry" easygui.msgbox ("You picked " + flavor)

Output

i Click on chocolate and it shows...

Choice box EasyGui has something called a choice box (choicebox), which presents a list of choices. The user picks one and then clicks the OK button.

To try this, we only need to make one small change to our program: change buttonbox to choicebox


Code 

##importing the module the easygui
import easygui

##set flavor as the choices for the choices that you click 
flavor = easygui.choicebox("What is your favorite ice cream flavor?",  choices = ['Vanilla', 'Chocolate','Strawberry'] )

##print out the message after you click on the flavor 
easygui.msgbox ("You picked " + flavor)

Output

I double click chocolate

After you click a flavor and then click OK, you’ll see the same kind of message box as before. Notice that, in addition to clicking choices with the mouse, you can select a flavor with the up and down arrow keys on the keyboard. If you click Cancel, the program will end, and you’ll also see an error. That’s because the last line of 
the program is expecting some text (like Vanilla), but if you click Cancel, it doesn’t get any.



Text input

What if you want something more like input(), where the user can type in text? That way, she can enter any flavor she wants. EasyGui has something called an enter box (enterbox) to do just that.

Run the code below 

Code

##importing the module easygui
import easygui

##set flavor as whatever you want
##this is similar to input()
flavor = easygui.enterbox("What is your favorite ice cream flavor?")

##print out the message after you type inside the text box 
##text you type,e.g I type peppermint
easygui.msgbox ("You entered " + flavor)

Output

i type peppermint and click ok

Default input

Sometimes when a user is entering information, a certain answer is expected, common, or most likely to be entered. That is called a default. You might be able to save the user some typing by automatically entering the most common answer for him. Then he’d only have to type an answer if he had a different input. To put a default in an enter box, change your program to look like the code below

Code

##import the module 
import easygui

##set the flavor by whatever you type,default is vanilla if you did not type anything 
flavor = easygui.enterbox("What is your favorite ice cream flavor?", default = 'Vanilla') 

##print out the flavor that you entered or the default vanilla 
easygui.msgbox ("You entered " + flavor)

Output

Now, when you run it, “Vanilla” is already entered in the enter box. You can delete it and enter anything you want, but if your favorite flavor is vanilla, you don’t have to type anything: just click OK.

Numbers

What if you want to type numbers?

EasyGui also has something called an integer box (integerbox), which you can use for entering integers. You can set a lower and upper limit to the number that can be entered.

Let modify the above code

##importing the module easygui
import easygui

##set the default for favouritenum to 1 
##whatever you type in will be set to favouritenum
favouritenum = easygui.integerbox("What is your favorite number?", default = '1')

##print out whatever you type in or the default num
##need to change int to str,if not error
easygui.msgbox ("You entered " + str(favouritenum))

Output

As you can see,number 1 is already the default number.We are going to choose the default number and click on

In the next post,we will be trying out the number guessing game again,this time with the power of  GUI